Flow Characteristics of Metal with Phase Transformation and Prediction of Its Microstructure

We propose a flow-stress characteristic of SUS430F steel that takes in account the effects of temperature, strain rate and their deformation history. In the framework of this characteristic, the history effects of strain rate and temperature are estimated through the plastic strain energy stored. The formulated characteristic () may be shown as a function of temperature (), strain rate ((), and the stored energy W or the reference stress (_st). The energy is stored through plastic deformation and released during annealing process. The energy is also referred by the yield flow stress (_st), which is measured under the reference condition. The discussion on the characteristic is extended to the material at high temperature (1073–1473 K) with the + gamma phase of a given phase ratio. The equilibrium ratio of ()- or ()-phase at a given temperature can be estimated on the basis of an equilibrium phase diagram. In order to introduce the flow-stress characteristic with phase transformation using the proposed formulation, we also analyze the phase transformation rate from () to + with temperature elevation, and from () to > + in the cooling process on the basis of the time–temperature–transformation diagram that includes the quenching process as well. The flow stress characteristic and phase ratio are estimated simultaneously for a hot forging process.     

The order structure of fuzzy numbers based on the level characteristics and its application to optimization problems

Ranking and comparing fuzzy numbers is an important part in many fuzzy optimization problems such as intelligent control and manufacturing system production line scheduling with uncertainty environments. In this paper, based on the level characteristic function and α-average of level cut sets of fuzzy number, we establish the IMα-metric method for measuring fuzzy number as a whole, and introduce the concept of IDα-difFerence that describes the reliability of IMα-metric value. Further, the basic properties and the separability of IMα-metric and IDα-difference are discussed. Finally, we give a mathematical model to solve fuzzy optimization problems by means of IMα-metric.     

中值滤波器对信号相位和形状影响的研究

中值滤波器具有许多优点,已经在VSP等地震资料处理中得到较为广泛的应用。由于中值滤波器是一种非线性滤波器,对尖脉冲的响应是零,在傅氏域没有“真正”的振幅普和相位谱,所以了解其特性比了解线性滤波器特性要困难得多。然而许多简单的数值方法可合理、直观地了解这种滤波器在地震资料中的作用。其中,通过研究它对各种信号的响应来了解其性质是一种有效而实用的方法。在此方法基础上分析了中值滤波器的特性。     

双语法律文本的自动对齐

基于实例的机器翻译系统需要双语句对的支持。为大量获取双语句对,则需要以篇章对齐的双语文本为输入,实现句子的自动对齐。通过分析汉英双语法律文本的特征,提出了法律文本对齐假设。首先识别出法规源文和译文中的结构标识和句子,然后在句子一级对齐法律文本。该方法在150篇汉英法律文本语料上,取得了80.98%的对齐准确率。     

Study on softening melting characteristics of iron bearing material in oxygen blast furnace

The softening melting characteristics of sinter, pellet and mixed ore in oxygen blast furnace and traditional blast furnace were studied by using load softening and dropping equipment. It is found that, compared with the traditional blast furnace under the softening starting temperature of sinter, pellet, and their mixture decreases, the softening ending temperature increases in oxygen blast furnace atmosphere. Under the condition of oxygen blast furnace, the dropping temperature of sinter decreases, the dropping temperature of pellets and their mixture increases, and dropping zone becomes narrow and even disappears. Through the analysis of the data of the soft melting process, it is found that the mixed ore has a certain interaction effect in the oxygen blast furnace atmosphere, which improves the gas permeability of the charge.     

基于小波子带统计特性的图像量化及质量可分级编码研究

随着数字电视、网上会议和在线点播的出现，越来越多的图像信息需要在网上进行传输，而此时人们不仅要求编码技术具有较好的压缩效果，还要求信息的传输能够满足渐进传输、多质量服务以及图像数据库浏览等一系列的要求。本文提出了一种基于位平面的图像质量可分级编码方法，结合小波子带图像的系数分布特性，利用样本标准差作为量化的依据，对各分辨率级进行分级量化，并且采用了位平面编码和算术编码，使得在解码时可以根据给定解码的数率不同对位平面进行重构以实现图像的质量可分级性。实验结果表明，本文提出的方法实现简单，编解码速度快，在保证具有很好的编码效果的前提下，可以实现图像的质量可分级编码。     

一种新的移动查询路径选择方法

在移动查询路径选择中,约束关系和网络特性对路径选择都有较大的影响,根据这一特点提出了一种新的移动查询的路径选择方法。该方法先把一个查询分解成几个子查询并根据约束条件组合成几条备选路径,然后估算这几条备选路经的元组大小,最后通过查询路径选择算法在这几条备选的查询路径中找到较优的路径。该方法充分考虑了约束关系和网络特性这两个因素,实验表明该方法可以在几条备选路径中求得较优路径。     

特征轨迹法解耦活套高度和张力控制系统

针对板带热连轧机活套高度和张力控制系统，给出一种新的多变量解耦控制策略．利用特征传递函数的轨迹来判定闭环系统的稳定性．利用失配角度曲线来检验系统的关联性．采用特征轨迹方法设计出的解耦控制器在最大程度上减弱了活套高度和张力控制系统的关联．最后，用Matlab中的系统仿真工具箱Simulink对活套多变量控制系统进行仿真实验，结果表明解耦后的活套控制系统可获得更好的控制性能．     

汽轮机阻尼围带长叶片振动特性研究

为了获得阻尼围带叶片的振动特性,提高汽轮机阻尼叶片的设计水平,采用扭曲梁单元模型,推导了阻尼围带的刚度和阻尼矩阵,建立了阻尼围带长叶片振动分析模型,并且在分析阻尼围带叶片整圈节径振动时采用了波传递方法进行降阶,以提高计算效率.360mm阻尼围带叶片的分析结果与实验数据吻合良好.然后再详细分析了某阻尼围带末级长叶片的振动特性,获得了叶片的扭转恢复角、静频和动频以及节径振动的坎贝尔图,其中静频和动频与三维模型计算结果对比表明了发展出来模型计算结果的合理性.文中建立的模型也可以推广应用于具有其它阻尼器叶片的动力分析,作为阻尼叶片优化设计的基础,为阻尼叶片设计提供实用工具.     

西北750kV输变电示范工程投运初期运行特点

西北电网750kV输变电示范工程（简称750kV工程）是我国电压等级最高的输变电工程，也是世界上这一电压等级输变电工程中海拔最高的工程。750kV工程的成功投运，标志着我国电力设备制造和电网运行控制技术达到了世界先进水平，也为充分利用西北地区丰富的能源，加快资源优势向经济优势转变创造了更好条件。750kV工程投运初期，750kV线路有3种运行方式：750kV线路和330kV线路电磁环网运行、750kV线路单独运行和750kV线路停运。主要对750kV线路各运行方式的特点及存在问题进行了分析，并研究了750kV线路运行对电网稳定的影响问题。研究结果表明，750kV电网建设初期，750kV线路潮流较轻，正常方式下，线路或者变电站设备故障对电网稳定运行的影响不大。